Applying for U.S. citizenship is an important step for many lawful permanent residents. However, one part of the process that often makes applicants nervous is the naturalization test, especially the English portion.
Many applicants worry about whether they will be able to read, write, speak, or understand enough English during the citizenship interview. While many people are required to complete the English and civics requirements, some applicants may qualify for an exception based on age, years as a lawful permanent resident, or certain medical conditions.
Understanding these exceptions before filing Form N-400 can help applicants feel more prepared and avoid confusion during the naturalization process.
The English and Civics Requirements
During the naturalization process, many applicants must show an understanding of English and knowledge of U.S. history and government. The English test generally includes reading, writing, and speaking, while the civics test focuses on U.S. history and government. However, USCIS recognizes certain exceptions to the English requirement.
The 50/20 English Exception
One common exception is known as the 50/20 rule.
An applicant may qualify for this English exception if they are 50 years old or older at the time they file for naturalization and have been a lawful permanent resident for 20 years or more.
If someone qualifies under the 50/20 rule, they may not have to complete the English portion of the naturalization test. However, this does not automatically remove the civics requirement. Applicants who qualify may still need to take the civics test, but they may be able to take it in the language of their choice.
The 55/15 English Exception
Another exception is known as the 55/15 rule.
An applicant may qualify if they are 55 years old or older at the time they file for naturalization and have been a lawful permanent resident for 15 years or more.
Like the 50/20 rule, this exception may remove the English language requirement, but the applicant may still need to take the civics test in their own language. This can be helpful for applicants who have lived in the United States for many years but feel more comfortable answering civics questions in another language.
The 65/20 Special Consideration
There is also a special rule for certain older applicants.
An applicant who is 65 years old or older and has been a lawful permanent resident for 20 years or more may qualify for special consideration on the civics test.
This means the applicant may be exempt from the English requirement and may also be allowed to take a specially designated civics test. However, the applicant must still meet the other naturalization requirements and complete the required steps in the citizenship process.
Medical Disability Exceptions
Some applicants may also qualify for a medical disability exception to the English requirement, the civics requirement, or both.
This is different from the age-based exceptions. A medical disability exception may apply when a physical disability, developmental disability, or mental impairment prevents the applicant from meeting the English or civics requirements. USCIS explains that this exception is for applicants who cannot meet those requirements because of a qualifying disability or impairment.
To request this exception, a medical professional must complete and sign Form N-648, Medical Certification for Disability Exceptions. This form is used for applicants requesting an exception from the English and/or civics requirements because of a disability or impairment.
It is important to understand that not every medical condition qualifies. The condition must affect the applicant’s ability to learn, understand, remember, or communicate the information required for the English or civics test.
For example, certain serious medical conditions affecting memory, learning, or cognitive ability may be relevant. This could include conditions such as dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, brain injuries, or other serious medical issues. However, a diagnosis by itself may not be enough. The medical professional must explain how the condition affects the applicant’s ability to meet the testing requirements.
Why Reviewing Eligibility Matters
Citizenship test exceptions can be helpful, but they should be reviewed carefully before applying.
Applicants should not assume they qualify for an English exception just because they are older, have lived in the United States for many years, or have a medical condition. Age, lawful permanent resident history, medical documentation, and the details of the case all matter.
It is also important to remember that these exceptions do not remove every citizenship requirement. Applicants should still review their immigration history, travel history, taxes, criminal history, and any possible red flags before filing.
Thinking About Applying for Citizenship?
Citizenship exceptions can be helpful, but they should be reviewed carefully before applying.
Applicants should not assume they qualify for an English exception just because they are older or have lived in the United States for many years. The applicant’s age, lawful permanent resident history, filing date, medical situation, and naturalization eligibility all matter.
It is also important to remember that these exceptions do not remove every requirement for citizenship. Applicants must still review other parts of their case, including immigration history, travel history, taxes, criminal history, and any possible red flags before filing.
Thinking About Applying for Citizenship?
If you are thinking about applying for U.S. citizenship and are worried about the English or civics test, you may have options.
Some applicants may qualify for an English exception based on age and years as a lawful permanent resident. Others may qualify for a medical disability exception if a qualifying medical condition prevents them from meeting the English or civics requirements.
Every case is different, and it is important to review your situation before filing.
If you have questions about citizenship, naturalization test exceptions, or whether you may qualify for an English exemption, call Flora Legal Group today at (317) 983-3437 to schedule a consultation.